First, an update on what's new about the lady beetles - absolutely nothing.
The beetles do not lay eggs in the walls and they are not reproducing indoors which is what some people claim causes the large numbers of beetles seen. Most of those stories
come from people who think that the lady beetles hatching from eggs look just like the ones you see. Lady beetle larvae (immatures) bear no resemblance to the adults and these larvae form pupa which subsequently transforms into the adult (not to be confused with the Transformers in the movie).
We still don't have the magic bullet insecticide that will be durable enough
to keep lady beetles from finding some entry points. Even if we had a
chemical that might work, there's still the issue of covering all critical areas
on the house. Seriously, the last thing we need are people blasting away
at their house with their garden hose sprayer and raining chemical down
on themselves, their deck, kids and pets.
People googling for lady beetles (not the same as bobbing for apples) will
see reports of studies showing camphor or other chemicals repelling lady
beetles. Yup... these chemicals will repel them in laboratory studies.
So, if you live in a laboratory, you can manage the beetles. Let's
think practical for a second - even if the camphor did repel the beetles:
a) Where do you place it? in every wall voids, b) How would you apply it?
The question has come up about lady beetles biting. There have been
reports that the beetles periodically 'nip' when landing on someone. This
is different from the people on airline flights who have several nips *before*
landing. We don't have any practical advice on avoiding/preventing these
"casual encounters" (maybe, bite back??)
We still recommend the tried-and-true method of vacuuming up wayward
beetles indoors, although this recommendation rarely appeases those irate
callers who then make rude, socially unacceptable and physically impossible
suggestions as to what you can do with vacuum cleaner bags full of beetles.
One potential problem with vacuuming up the beetles is the odor from the
accumulating dead and/or squished beetles inside the vacuum cleaner bags,
particularly if the bags are not changed frequently. This can actually be an
issue for people who do become sensitized to the beetles and might develop
allergic reactions. You can suggest that they insert a knee-high stocking into
the vacuum's extension hose and then secured it with a rubber band before
putting the attachment back on. This allows you to trap the beetles inside
the stocking, which then conveniently closes up at the end with the rubber
band when you remove it. You can also simply tie a knot in the end of the
stocking. You then have a few options. Some people have tried keeping
the beetles in the refrigerator over the winter and then release them into
their gardens in the following spring. Unfortunately, many (likely most) of
the beetles will not survive this long winter's nap in your refrigerator.
The other choice is to freeze them and just discard them. Many people
are not inclined to put insects in their freezers but they simply toss the
beetles back outdoors, some many very simply find their way back in.
Of course, we also give the usual suggestion of getting a bucket of caulk
and sealing every possible opening through which the beetles can enter.
In many cases, this will often generate the same suggestion to you that was
made about the vacuum cleaner bag full of beetles.
The bottom line is that the beetle invasion can be minor and "An Inconvenient
Truth", but at times the numbers can reach thousands and can become
more than a simple irritation to your nerves to a real irritation to your
respiratory system and serve as an asthma trigger. So, while we make
jokes about this situation, it can become a real issue for which we simply
have no good solutions.
Our information about lady beetles can be found at:
http://insects.ncsu.edu/harmonia.htm
Information from Michael Waldvogel, Extension Associate Professor and Extension Specialist
Thursday, October 29, 2009
Wednesday, October 14, 2009
NCDA&CS Reports
Beginning Nov. 1, the N.C. Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services will no longer routinely mail out paper copies of agronomic reports. This policy will apply to reports for soil tests and nematode assays, as well as plant tissue, waste, solution and soilless media analyses.
All these reports are readily available through the NCDA&CS Agronomic Division’s Web site, www.ncagr.gov/agronomi.
“By making the switch to electronic-only reports, the NCDA&CS will work within its limited budget to save significantly on postage, printing and paper costs,” said Dr. Colleen Hudak-Wise, director of the Agronomic Division. “Although environmental and fiscal benefits are driving this change, clients should also see increases in convenience and efficiency. Online reports are available to clients faster than mailed reports and make record keeping much easier.”
“Copies can be easily downloaded and saved, and the analytical data can be exported into spreadsheet format,” Hudak-Wise said.
Eventually, the NCDA&CS would like to notify all clients via e-mail when their reports are available online. Clients who provide a valid e-mail address on their sample information form, or who register an e-mail address with the Agronomic Division online, can receive electronic notification. In the interim, all other clients will receive a postcard with instructions on how to find their reports.
Clients who visit the Agronomic Division home page should select the “Find Your Report” link from the left-column navigation bar. This link takes visitors into the division’s laboratory-information site, known as PALS. For most people, using the “Quick Report Search” link is the most convenient way to access reports.
Basic instructions are outlined at www.ncagr.gov/agronomi/reportsearch.htm. Anyone who has difficulty using the PALS report-search feature or has questions can call (919) 733-2655 for assistance during regular weekday office hours.
All these reports are readily available through the NCDA&CS Agronomic Division’s Web site, www.ncagr.gov/agronomi.
“By making the switch to electronic-only reports, the NCDA&CS will work within its limited budget to save significantly on postage, printing and paper costs,” said Dr. Colleen Hudak-Wise, director of the Agronomic Division. “Although environmental and fiscal benefits are driving this change, clients should also see increases in convenience and efficiency. Online reports are available to clients faster than mailed reports and make record keeping much easier.”
“Copies can be easily downloaded and saved, and the analytical data can be exported into spreadsheet format,” Hudak-Wise said.
Eventually, the NCDA&CS would like to notify all clients via e-mail when their reports are available online. Clients who provide a valid e-mail address on their sample information form, or who register an e-mail address with the Agronomic Division online, can receive electronic notification. In the interim, all other clients will receive a postcard with instructions on how to find their reports.
Clients who visit the Agronomic Division home page should select the “Find Your Report” link from the left-column navigation bar. This link takes visitors into the division’s laboratory-information site, known as PALS. For most people, using the “Quick Report Search” link is the most convenient way to access reports.
Basic instructions are outlined at www.ncagr.gov/agronomi/reportsearch.htm. Anyone who has difficulty using the PALS report-search feature or has questions can call (919) 733-2655 for assistance during regular weekday office hours.
Monday, October 12, 2009
Bramble Choirs
Gina Fernandez, Small Fruit Specialist
North Carolina State University
This checklist was originally developed for
blackberry growers in North Carolina. Many of
the items apply to raspberry production as well.
You may have to adjust your work activities
either earlier or later depending on your
location. For more detailed information, check
the Southern Region Integrated Bramble
Management Guide and the Southeast
Regional Bramble Production Guide at:
http://www.smallfruits.org/SmallFruitsRegGuide
/index.htm
FALL
Plant growth and development
√ Primocanes continue to grow but
slow down
√ Flower buds start to form
√ Primocane leaves senesce late fall
Pruning and trellising
√ Spent floricanes should be removed
asap
√ Optimal time to prune is after the
coldest part of the season is over.
However pruning can start in late fall if
plantings are large (late winter for
smaller plantings).
√ Start trellis repairs after plants have
defoliated
Weed management
√ Many summer weed problems can be
best managed in the fall and winter
using preemergent herbicides.
Determine what weeds have been or
could be a problem in your area. Check
with your states agricultural chemical
manual and local extension agent for
the best labeled chemicals to control
these weeds.
Insect and disease scouting
Continue scouting for insects and diseases.
Remove damaged canes as soon as possible.
√ Check the Southern Regional Bramble
integrated Management Guide for
recommendations.
http://www.smallfruits.org
Planting
North Carolina State University
This checklist was originally developed for
blackberry growers in North Carolina. Many of
the items apply to raspberry production as well.
You may have to adjust your work activities
either earlier or later depending on your
location. For more detailed information, check
the Southern Region Integrated Bramble
Management Guide and the Southeast
Regional Bramble Production Guide at:
http://www.smallfruits.org/SmallFruitsRegGuide
/index.htm
FALL
Plant growth and development
√ Primocanes continue to grow but
slow down
√ Flower buds start to form
√ Primocane leaves senesce late fall
Pruning and trellising
√ Spent floricanes should be removed
asap
√ Optimal time to prune is after the
coldest part of the season is over.
However pruning can start in late fall if
plantings are large (late winter for
smaller plantings).
√ Start trellis repairs after plants have
defoliated
Weed management
√ Many summer weed problems can be
best managed in the fall and winter
using preemergent herbicides.
Determine what weeds have been or
could be a problem in your area. Check
with your states agricultural chemical
manual and local extension agent for
the best labeled chemicals to control
these weeds.
Insect and disease scouting
Continue scouting for insects and diseases.
Remove damaged canes as soon as possible.
√ Check the Southern Regional Bramble
integrated Management Guide for
recommendations.
http://www.smallfruits.org
Planting
Cutflower Production Workshop
Are you interested in adding cut flower production to your operation?
Are you currently growing cut flowers and looking for the latest
production information? The NC Cooperative Extension Service, McDowell
Center is offering a program on cut flower production for small growers.
The program will be held on Thursday, October 22nd, at 2:00 pm in the
Extension Conference room, 60 East Court Street in Marion NC.
Craig Adkins, Extension Area Specialized Agent - Commercial Horticulture
will be speaking on all aspects of cut flower production including, site
selection, species selection, fertilization, pest control and more.
Meredith McKissick, of Sweet Earth Flower Farm will be speaking about
her experience growing and marketing cut flowers. Meredith has
experience growing flowers and marketing them at tailgate markets and
for weddings and other events. She will also be talking about 3-5
different annual cuts that can be easily grown for each spring, summer,
and fall.
This program is free but pre registration is required by calling the
Extension Office at 652-8104 or by emailing Jane McDaniel at
Jane_McDaniel@ncsu.edu by October 20th. For additional information
please call 828-652-8104.
Are you currently growing cut flowers and looking for the latest
production information? The NC Cooperative Extension Service, McDowell
Center is offering a program on cut flower production for small growers.
The program will be held on Thursday, October 22nd, at 2:00 pm in the
Extension Conference room, 60 East Court Street in Marion NC.
Craig Adkins, Extension Area Specialized Agent - Commercial Horticulture
will be speaking on all aspects of cut flower production including, site
selection, species selection, fertilization, pest control and more.
Meredith McKissick, of Sweet Earth Flower Farm will be speaking about
her experience growing and marketing cut flowers. Meredith has
experience growing flowers and marketing them at tailgate markets and
for weddings and other events. She will also be talking about 3-5
different annual cuts that can be easily grown for each spring, summer,
and fall.
This program is free but pre registration is required by calling the
Extension Office at 652-8104 or by emailing Jane McDaniel at
Jane_McDaniel@ncsu.edu by October 20th. For additional information
please call 828-652-8104.
Wednesday, September 30, 2009
Burning Guidelines
The memorandum of understanding between the N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Division of Air Quality and the N.C. Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services sets guidelines for acceptable burning at farms, primarily to control diseases or pests as well as some crop residues. Although it remains illegal to burn man-made materials, the state open burning rule allows some exceptions for the burning of plant materials — such as land-clearing and acceptable agricultural practices.
The following website is a news release from NCDA&CS announcing the burn law. You can also get a free brochure from the Division of Air Quality describing what can and cannot be burnt.
http://www.agr.state.nc.us/paffairs/release/2009/8-09agburning.htm
http://www.ncair.org.
The following website is a news release from NCDA&CS announcing the burn law. You can also get a free brochure from the Division of Air Quality describing what can and cannot be burnt.
http://www.agr.state.nc.us/paffairs/release/2009/8-09agburning.htm
http://www.ncair.org.
Friday, September 4, 2009
Weed Update
Weeds don't take holidays.
While we are thinking about a holiday trip to the mountains or the coast -- weeds are going to keep doing what they do best -- reproducing. Summer annual weeds are going to seed with wild abandon. Although you cannot stop seed production you can sure reduce the amount of seeds produced by controlling summer annuals now. While herbicides like glyphosate work on mature weeds, the time it takes to die from glyphosate treatments will allow a lot of seeds to mature before plants succumb to the inevitable.
Fall applications work better you say?
I had a salesman once try to explain to me how bentazon (Basagran TO) worked really well on Yellow Nutsedge in early Fall. My response was -- "well, so does frost". Seriously, nutsedge has been making tubers for months but it is still a good idea to kill what you still have to prevent even more tubers from forming. Nutsedge can be controlled by glyphosate or glufosinate or bentazon But please, next year resolve to get serious about nutsedge earlier in the season.
Fall applications of glyphosate do work better on many perennial weeds. In particular, deciduous woody weeds are generally well controlled with late summer or early fall applications of glyphosate. But, you often don't see the results until next spring when plants begin to grow -- ahh, then the fun begins. New growth, if it occurs, will be stunted, malformed, and yellowed. Plants usually die back but often will start new growth after a time. When this occurs, treat again with an appropriate herbicide such as glyphosate or triclopyr for the one--two punch that knocks your weeds flat.
But don't forget to plan ahead --
Winter weeds have already started to emerge in some areas, so get your preemergence herbicide applications out soon to prevent winter annuals like henbit, chickweed and annual bluegrass from turning your Thanksgiving celebration into another gardening labor day.
Joseph C. Neal
Professor and Extension Specialist -- Weed Science
Department of Horticultural Science
While we are thinking about a holiday trip to the mountains or the coast -- weeds are going to keep doing what they do best -- reproducing. Summer annual weeds are going to seed with wild abandon. Although you cannot stop seed production you can sure reduce the amount of seeds produced by controlling summer annuals now. While herbicides like glyphosate work on mature weeds, the time it takes to die from glyphosate treatments will allow a lot of seeds to mature before plants succumb to the inevitable.
Fall applications work better you say?
I had a salesman once try to explain to me how bentazon (Basagran TO) worked really well on Yellow Nutsedge in early Fall. My response was -- "well, so does frost". Seriously, nutsedge has been making tubers for months but it is still a good idea to kill what you still have to prevent even more tubers from forming. Nutsedge can be controlled by glyphosate or glufosinate or bentazon But please, next year resolve to get serious about nutsedge earlier in the season.
Fall applications of glyphosate do work better on many perennial weeds. In particular, deciduous woody weeds are generally well controlled with late summer or early fall applications of glyphosate. But, you often don't see the results until next spring when plants begin to grow -- ahh, then the fun begins. New growth, if it occurs, will be stunted, malformed, and yellowed. Plants usually die back but often will start new growth after a time. When this occurs, treat again with an appropriate herbicide such as glyphosate or triclopyr for the one--two punch that knocks your weeds flat.
But don't forget to plan ahead --
Winter weeds have already started to emerge in some areas, so get your preemergence herbicide applications out soon to prevent winter annuals like henbit, chickweed and annual bluegrass from turning your Thanksgiving celebration into another gardening labor day.
Joseph C. Neal
Professor and Extension Specialist -- Weed Science
Department of Horticultural Science
Monday, August 31, 2009
Fall Webworms
Fall webworm tents are prominent features of many landscapes this time of year. They set up shop in pecan, walnut, American elm, hickory, fruit, some maples, persimmon and sweetgum trees. They are well protected from contact insecticides within their water proof tent. In addition, fall webworms expand their tent as they feed rather than foray out to feed and return the way eastern tent caterpillars do. Look for large silken tents at the ends of branches. All the caterpillars are in the tent, so if tents are pruned from a tree the problem is solved. For larger infestations, use a systemic insecticide that will move into the plant tissue. This will ensure that caterpillars die when they consume leaves. Some systemic products are acephate, TriStar, and Acelepryn, which can be applied as foliar or drench applications. For recommendations, see http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note07/note07.html.
Euonymus Scale
From: Steve Frank, Extension Entomologist
Euonymus scale crawlers have emerged on containerized research plants on the North Carolina State University campus. It seems that landscape plants, particularly shaded ones, are still a week or so behind. Therefore if you haven’t dealt with this scale yet this year you have a third and final chance to deal it and prevent problems in the spring. Crawlers are very susceptible to insecticides so scout to determine when they are active in your region. There are several newer products available that may be more effective and softer on beneficials than pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides. More information can be found at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note15/note15.html.
Euonymus scale crawlers have emerged on containerized research plants on the North Carolina State University campus. It seems that landscape plants, particularly shaded ones, are still a week or so behind. Therefore if you haven’t dealt with this scale yet this year you have a third and final chance to deal it and prevent problems in the spring. Crawlers are very susceptible to insecticides so scout to determine when they are active in your region. There are several newer products available that may be more effective and softer on beneficials than pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides. More information can be found at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note15/note15.html.
Thursday, August 20, 2009
Tree Farm Event
Here is a terrific workshop for private forest landowners.
To: Forest Landowners
From: Daniel Smith, County Extension Director
Subject: Tree Farm Meeting in McDowell County
The North Carolina Tree Farm Program of the American Tree Farm System announces a private forest landowner’s workshop at BSA Camp Grimes on Vein Mountain Road, in Dysartsville NC. The workshop will be on Thursday, September 17, 2009 from 8:00 A.M. until 4:00 P.M.
The morning session will feature speakers on sustainable forestry practices and wildlife habitat, non-timber forest products and a panel discussion of working family forest conservation easements. 2008 National Tree Farmer of the Year, Dr. Bob Cooper of Forsyth County, NC, will be the featured luncheon speaker.
Following a complimentary lunch workshop attendees will tour the managed forest on the Scout Camp, which has been certified by the American Tree Farm System as a NC Tree Farm. The afternoon forest tour will feature field discussions of both pine and hardwood management practices, improving habitat for wildlife, developing recreational opportunities in the forest and protecting water quality in forestry operations. Transportation for the field tour will be provided. The workshop is provided free of charge courtesy of the North Carolina Tree Farm Program and local supporters.
Call the NC Cooperative Extension Service office in McDowell County at 828-652-8104 or by email at Jane_McDaniel@ncsu.edu to register for the workshop. Registration is free. The cut-off date for advance registration is Monday, September 14, 2009.
Directions: From I-40 Exit 86 take NC 226 south. Go south approximately 8 miles to Club House Road. Turn right and then turn slight right on to Vein Mountain Road, and go 0.3 miles to the camp entrance on the left.
For Additional Information Contact:
Jim Sitts
Columbia Forest Products
Old Fort, NC
828-724-4191 ext. 2205
jsitts@cfpwood.com
To: Forest Landowners
From: Daniel Smith, County Extension Director
Subject: Tree Farm Meeting in McDowell County
The North Carolina Tree Farm Program of the American Tree Farm System announces a private forest landowner’s workshop at BSA Camp Grimes on Vein Mountain Road, in Dysartsville NC. The workshop will be on Thursday, September 17, 2009 from 8:00 A.M. until 4:00 P.M.
The morning session will feature speakers on sustainable forestry practices and wildlife habitat, non-timber forest products and a panel discussion of working family forest conservation easements. 2008 National Tree Farmer of the Year, Dr. Bob Cooper of Forsyth County, NC, will be the featured luncheon speaker.
Following a complimentary lunch workshop attendees will tour the managed forest on the Scout Camp, which has been certified by the American Tree Farm System as a NC Tree Farm. The afternoon forest tour will feature field discussions of both pine and hardwood management practices, improving habitat for wildlife, developing recreational opportunities in the forest and protecting water quality in forestry operations. Transportation for the field tour will be provided. The workshop is provided free of charge courtesy of the North Carolina Tree Farm Program and local supporters.
Call the NC Cooperative Extension Service office in McDowell County at 828-652-8104 or by email at Jane_McDaniel@ncsu.edu to register for the workshop. Registration is free. The cut-off date for advance registration is Monday, September 14, 2009.
Directions: From I-40 Exit 86 take NC 226 south. Go south approximately 8 miles to Club House Road. Turn right and then turn slight right on to Vein Mountain Road, and go 0.3 miles to the camp entrance on the left.
For Additional Information Contact:
Jim Sitts
Columbia Forest Products
Old Fort, NC
828-724-4191 ext. 2205
jsitts@cfpwood.com
Mitchell Co. Business Survey
We need your help! North Carolina Cooperative Extension is a collaborative member of the Improving Mitchell County Business Survey Project. Businesses of all types are being asked to provide information that can be used to help improve existing businesses as well as help to create an environment conducive to new businesses. Agriculture is a critically important business in the county and regardless of how small or large your operation is we are asking that you complete the survey at http://tinyurl.com/lwpd6p. The AMY Regional Library is coordinating the data gathering so if you have any questions at all, please call Dan Barron at 828-682-4476 or director@amyregaioanlibrary.org.
The project is a collaborative effort of the Mitchell County Economic Development Commission's Mitchell County Certified Entrepreneurial Community Committee, Toe River Economic Alliance, NC Cooperative Extension, Mitchell County Chamber of Commerce, Mayland Community College's Small Business Center, Toe River Arts Council (TRAC), AMY Regional Library, HandMade in America, Spruce Pine Main Street and Bakersville Merchants' Association.
Thank you for your cooperation.
The project is a collaborative effort of the Mitchell County Economic Development Commission's Mitchell County Certified Entrepreneurial Community Committee, Toe River Economic Alliance, NC Cooperative Extension, Mitchell County Chamber of Commerce, Mayland Community College's Small Business Center, Toe River Arts Council (TRAC), AMY Regional Library, HandMade in America, Spruce Pine Main Street and Bakersville Merchants' Association.
Thank you for your cooperation.
Wednesday, August 19, 2009
Tomato Workshop
Highlighting Studies on Growing Organic Heirloom Tomatoes
And Growing Tomatoes with a Microbially Active Biochar Product
When: August 21, 2009 10:00 AM
Where: Mountain Research Station, Waynesville, NC
Directions at: http://www.agr.state.nc.us/research/mrs.htm
The Studies:
Organic Production of Heirloom and Heirloom-type Hybrid Tomatoes by Jeanine Davis and Dilip Panthee
Farmers and gardeners have been very interested in the organic heirloom tomato studies that we have conducted at this research station since 2004. This year, 11 heirloom tomato varieties and 9 new heirloom-type hybrids are being grown with an organic insect and disease control strategy that we have developed from results from the previous years’ studies. For the first time, we are growing these indeterminate tomatoes on a high-stake, string and weave system instead of a standard trellis system. There will also be a taste test to compare all the varieties.
Assessing the Effects of Fertilizer Rates and Carbon-based Soil Inoculants on Tomato Growth and Yield by Jeanine Davis
Everyone is talking about biochar and how it can improve crop yields, remediate soils, reduce fertilizer use, sequester carbon, and as a byproduct of its manufacturing, be a source of an alternative fuel. This study is one of several in the Southeast testing CHARGROW, a biochar product inoculated with beneficial soil microorganisms. Different formulations of the product were used to grow the transplants at two rates. The plants are being grown under three fertilizer regimes. Organic disease and insect control products are currently being used. A member of the Carbon Char Group will be present to discuss biochar and CHARGROW.
Tomato Sandwiches Provided: Back by popular demand-free tomato sandwiches! Make your own sandwich-we’ll provide the tomatoes, bread and mayonnaise. Chips and tea will round out this light lunch.
Come Prepared: This is an outdoors workshop. We will have canopies set up, tables, and chairs. If we have heavy rain, we will move inside for the taste tests and lunch.
For More Information: Please call Terri Schell at 828-684-3562 or email her at Terri_Schell@ncsu.edu.
Jeanine M. Davis, Ph.D.
Associate Professor and Extension Specialist
Department of Horticultural Science
North Carolina State University
Email: Jeanine_Davis@ncsu.edu
Websites: http://ncherb.org
http://ncspecialtycrops.org
http://ncorganic.org
Blog: http://ncalternativecropsandorganics.blogspot.com/
Twitter: http://twitter.com/JeanineNCSU
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/people/Jeanine-Davis/1442912228
Address: Mountain Horticultural Crops Research & Extension Center
455 Research Drive, Mills River, NC 28759
Phone: 828-684-3562
FAX: 828-684-8715
And Growing Tomatoes with a Microbially Active Biochar Product
When: August 21, 2009 10:00 AM
Where: Mountain Research Station, Waynesville, NC
Directions at: http://www.agr.state.nc.us/research/mrs.htm
The Studies:
Organic Production of Heirloom and Heirloom-type Hybrid Tomatoes by Jeanine Davis and Dilip Panthee
Farmers and gardeners have been very interested in the organic heirloom tomato studies that we have conducted at this research station since 2004. This year, 11 heirloom tomato varieties and 9 new heirloom-type hybrids are being grown with an organic insect and disease control strategy that we have developed from results from the previous years’ studies. For the first time, we are growing these indeterminate tomatoes on a high-stake, string and weave system instead of a standard trellis system. There will also be a taste test to compare all the varieties.
Assessing the Effects of Fertilizer Rates and Carbon-based Soil Inoculants on Tomato Growth and Yield by Jeanine Davis
Everyone is talking about biochar and how it can improve crop yields, remediate soils, reduce fertilizer use, sequester carbon, and as a byproduct of its manufacturing, be a source of an alternative fuel. This study is one of several in the Southeast testing CHARGROW, a biochar product inoculated with beneficial soil microorganisms. Different formulations of the product were used to grow the transplants at two rates. The plants are being grown under three fertilizer regimes. Organic disease and insect control products are currently being used. A member of the Carbon Char Group will be present to discuss biochar and CHARGROW.
Tomato Sandwiches Provided: Back by popular demand-free tomato sandwiches! Make your own sandwich-we’ll provide the tomatoes, bread and mayonnaise. Chips and tea will round out this light lunch.
Come Prepared: This is an outdoors workshop. We will have canopies set up, tables, and chairs. If we have heavy rain, we will move inside for the taste tests and lunch.
For More Information: Please call Terri Schell at 828-684-3562 or email her at Terri_Schell@ncsu.edu.
Jeanine M. Davis, Ph.D.
Associate Professor and Extension Specialist
Department of Horticultural Science
North Carolina State University
Email: Jeanine_Davis@ncsu.edu
Websites: http://ncherb.org
http://ncspecialtycrops.org
http://ncorganic.org
Blog: http://ncalternativecropsandorganics.blogspot.com/
Twitter: http://twitter.com/JeanineNCSU
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/people/Jeanine-Davis/1442912228
Address: Mountain Horticultural Crops Research & Extension Center
455 Research Drive, Mills River, NC 28759
Phone: 828-684-3562
FAX: 828-684-8715
Honey Bees and CCD
Within the past year much research has been done to try and find out what caused huge die offs of honey bees last year. The cause was labeled CCD or Colony Collapse Disorder, but it was never pinpointed what was the driving force of CCD. Researchers from multiple agency's and university's have been studying the disease. The following link gives a good overview of some of the results and where the team of researchers are heading to try and find out the problem.
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-08/ps-sfh081309.php
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-08/ps-sfh081309.php
Monday, August 10, 2009
New Products for Insect Control
New Products for Ornamental Greenhouse, Nursery, and Landscape Pests
A new product Kontos is available to manage most sucking pests in greenhouses. It is also labeled for use in nurseries. Kontos from OHP is effective against whiteflies, aphids, mealybugs, thrips, and other insects. Kontos has a unique mode of action (IRAC group 23) that makes it an important tool in resistance management programs. This could be particularly important as a product to rotate with Conserve (spinosad) to kill thrips. It is also soft on beneficial organisms. More information on Kontos can be found at: http://www.ohp.com/PIB/PDF/kontos_490_pib.pdf.
In ornamental landscapes we now have Acelepryn by Dupont. This unique chemical has a very low vertebrate toxicity. So low in fact that it does not require a signal word on the label. It is effective on many landscape pests and can be used as a foliar spray or drench to provide translaminar and systemic plant protection. Acelepryn also is soft on beneficial organisms compared to older products. More information about Acelepryn can be found at http://www2.dupont.com/Professional_Products/en_US/ assets/downloads/pdfs/H65676.pdf.
As new products become available it is important to begin incorporating them into insecticide programs. These products are less toxic to vertebrates, pollinators, and beneficial insects than products such as organophosphates and pyrethroids. They can also help reduce development of resistance and prolong the effective life of other products.
From: Steve Frank, Extension Entomologist
A new product Kontos is available to manage most sucking pests in greenhouses. It is also labeled for use in nurseries. Kontos from OHP is effective against whiteflies, aphids, mealybugs, thrips, and other insects. Kontos has a unique mode of action (IRAC group 23) that makes it an important tool in resistance management programs. This could be particularly important as a product to rotate with Conserve (spinosad) to kill thrips. It is also soft on beneficial organisms. More information on Kontos can be found at: http://www.ohp.com/PIB/PDF/kontos_490_pib.pdf.
In ornamental landscapes we now have Acelepryn by Dupont. This unique chemical has a very low vertebrate toxicity. So low in fact that it does not require a signal word on the label. It is effective on many landscape pests and can be used as a foliar spray or drench to provide translaminar and systemic plant protection. Acelepryn also is soft on beneficial organisms compared to older products. More information about Acelepryn can be found at http://www2.dupont.com/Professional_Products/en_US/ assets/downloads/pdfs/H65676.pdf.
As new products become available it is important to begin incorporating them into insecticide programs. These products are less toxic to vertebrates, pollinators, and beneficial insects than products such as organophosphates and pyrethroids. They can also help reduce development of resistance and prolong the effective life of other products.
From: Steve Frank, Extension Entomologist
Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Fall Webworm
Fall webworms have hatched their early season brood. There is a race of fall webworm that develops in mid-summer. The web starts at the branch tips and becomes enlarged to encompass fresh, green leaves until the web may become two to three feet long. This is more noticeable with the later season brood. Because fall webworm damage accrues over the summer, they usually cause little long-term health damage to the trees they defoliate. At any one location, the populations of fall webworms wax and wane so that they are conspicuous and damaging for a year or two and then the populations seem to be thin. Webworms feed on over 600 types of trees, shrubs and other plants. In North Carolina they are most often reported on pecans, persimmons, sourwoods and willows. Small trees infested with several broods of caterpillars may be entirely enclosed in webs. After feeding for four or five weeks, the caterpillars crawl down, spin cocoons and pupate in mulch or soil.
Fall webworms can be managed by pulling down the webs and destroying the caterpillars if the webs are within reach by a pole. If the webs are within reach of a sprayer, several insecticides can be sprayed for control. Spray adjacent foliage. Insecticides work best when the caterpillars are young, so it is best to treat as soon as the webs are first noticed. A product containing Bacillus thuringiensis or carbaryl is appropriate for homeowner use, while commercial applicators can use B.t. (e.g., Dipel), Conserve, Talstar or one of several other options. Talstar is not recommended for plants prone to spider mite problems. You can view a QuickTime movie clip about fall webworms and their control on the Internet at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note07/fallwebworm.mov.
From: Steve Bambara, Extension Entomologist
Fall webworms can be managed by pulling down the webs and destroying the caterpillars if the webs are within reach by a pole. If the webs are within reach of a sprayer, several insecticides can be sprayed for control. Spray adjacent foliage. Insecticides work best when the caterpillars are young, so it is best to treat as soon as the webs are first noticed. A product containing Bacillus thuringiensis or carbaryl is appropriate for homeowner use, while commercial applicators can use B.t. (e.g., Dipel), Conserve, Talstar or one of several other options. Talstar is not recommended for plants prone to spider mite problems. You can view a QuickTime movie clip about fall webworms and their control on the Internet at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note07/fallwebworm.mov.
From: Steve Bambara, Extension Entomologist
Monday, July 20, 2009
Farm Business Planning Program
New Carolina Farm Credit program for young, beginning, small, and minority farmers within NC. Applications for the program are being accepted until September 1.
Farm Credit has received a grant to cover the tuition and make a new e-learning financial and business management course available to North Carolina farm families.
The on-line training will be offered statewide through North Carolina’s three Farm Credit associations. The Farm Credit University curriculum includes financial planning, budgeting and other money matters essential to a farm’s success.
The program is funded by a $94,500 grant from the North Carolina Tobacco Trust Fund Commission. The N.C. General Assembly established the commission in 2000 to help tobacco farmers, farm workers and related businesses impacted by the transition out of tobacco farming.
The commission’s funding comes from money paid by cigarette manufacturers as a result of the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement.
Farm Credit’s e-learning program targets young, beginning, small, and minority farmers throughout the state. Participants will be assigned a Farm Credit loan officer to serve as a mentor throughout the course. Highlights of the program include modules that cover business and personal financial planning, understanding income statements, cash flow, the smart use of credit on the farm. Each participant will have completed a business plan for their operation at the conclusion of the class. Priority will be given to former tobacco farmers and others impacted by the Tobacco buyout. The grant provides for training 60 producers in a set of 2 classes over the next 2 years.
AgCarolina Financial, Cape Fear, and Carolina Farm Credit will be accepting applications for the program which will begin in October of 2009. Applications, a course outline, and program information is available at the following websites: www.CarolinaFarmCredit.com, www.AgCarolinaFinancal.com, www.CapeFearFarmCredit.com. Applications will be accepted through September 1, 2009. Individuals selected for the program will be notified after September 15. The course will conclude with a group meeting in Raleigh in March of 2010.
“This is a unique opportunity for this group of farmers to learn and benefit in ways that will certainly improve their family farm operations,” said William Upchurch, Executive Director of the N.C. Tobacco Trust Fund Commission.
Farm Credit has received a grant to cover the tuition and make a new e-learning financial and business management course available to North Carolina farm families.
The on-line training will be offered statewide through North Carolina’s three Farm Credit associations. The Farm Credit University curriculum includes financial planning, budgeting and other money matters essential to a farm’s success.
The program is funded by a $94,500 grant from the North Carolina Tobacco Trust Fund Commission. The N.C. General Assembly established the commission in 2000 to help tobacco farmers, farm workers and related businesses impacted by the transition out of tobacco farming.
The commission’s funding comes from money paid by cigarette manufacturers as a result of the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement.
Farm Credit’s e-learning program targets young, beginning, small, and minority farmers throughout the state. Participants will be assigned a Farm Credit loan officer to serve as a mentor throughout the course. Highlights of the program include modules that cover business and personal financial planning, understanding income statements, cash flow, the smart use of credit on the farm. Each participant will have completed a business plan for their operation at the conclusion of the class. Priority will be given to former tobacco farmers and others impacted by the Tobacco buyout. The grant provides for training 60 producers in a set of 2 classes over the next 2 years.
AgCarolina Financial, Cape Fear, and Carolina Farm Credit will be accepting applications for the program which will begin in October of 2009. Applications, a course outline, and program information is available at the following websites: www.CarolinaFarmCredit.com, www.AgCarolinaFinancal.com, www.CapeFearFarmCredit.com. Applications will be accepted through September 1, 2009. Individuals selected for the program will be notified after September 15. The course will conclude with a group meeting in Raleigh in March of 2010.
“This is a unique opportunity for this group of farmers to learn and benefit in ways that will certainly improve their family farm operations,” said William Upchurch, Executive Director of the N.C. Tobacco Trust Fund Commission.
Caterpillar Watch
A number of caterpillar species will feed on ornamental plants in the landscape. These include the well known pest such as bagworms, fall webworms, and eastern tent caterpillars. However, some pests more commonly associated with agricultural crops will also feed on ornamental plants. These include corn earworms, cutworms, various loopers, pansyworms, hornworms, and other. These are generalist caterpillars that readily feed on many plant species. Look for them on herbaceous perennials and annual bedding plants in particular. Caterpillar damage to bedding plants can be distinguished from slug or beetle damage because caterpillars generally consume large areas of leafs including all but the largest veins. Slugs will leave a messing trail of slime and feeding damage will appear irregular. Caterpillars in hanging baskets and small plantings can often be removed by hand. Commercial operators have a number of chemical options to choose from which are listed in a caterpillar insect note at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note07/note07.html.
From: Steve Frank, Extension Entomologist
From: Steve Frank, Extension Entomologist
Friday, July 17, 2009
Herbicide Carryover in Manure
The article below gives recommendations on using composted manure. There have been cases of herbicides being carried over in the manure so be careful you know what your source is for composted manure.
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/fletcher/programs/ncorganic/2009extension-article-herbicide-in-hay-manure-etc.pdf
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/fletcher/programs/ncorganic/2009extension-article-herbicide-in-hay-manure-etc.pdf
Wednesday, June 24, 2009
FOREST CERTIFICATION WORKSHOP
HIGHLAND CRAFTSMEN, INC OF SPRUCE PINE, NORTH CAROLINA ANNOUNCES A
FOREST/PRODUCT CERTIFICATION WORKSHOP ON WEDNESDAY, JULY 29, 2009, AT
MAYLAND COMMUNITY COLLEGE NEAR SPRUCE PINE, FROM 8:00 A.M. TO 3:00 P.M.
The morning agenda includes presentations on sustainable forestry
practices and favorable wildlife habitat, the North Carolina Forest
Stewardship Program and a discussion of the impact of forest
certification on private forest landowners. Dr. Fred Cubbage , NCSU
College of Natural Resources, will moderate a panel of speakers on
forest certification systems including the Forest Stewardship Council
(FSC), the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) and the American Tree
Farm System (ATFS/PEFC).
The afternoon agenda includes presentations on the sustainable forestry
designation for Appalachian Region hardwoods, the NC Pro Logger Program
and logger training and a live demonstration of sustainable bark
procurement practices by Highland Craftsmen, Inc. on the college campus.
The workshop is provided free of charge and lunch will be on your own at
the college cafeteria. The agenda will be submitted to NCSAF for CFE
Credits for NC Registered Foresters attending the entire workshop.
ADVANCE REGISTRATION IS REQUIRED
CALL 828-765-7351 EXT 249 TO REGISTER
MORE DETAILS AVAILABLE AT WWW.BARKHOUSE.COM
FOREST/PRODUCT CERTIFICATION WORKSHOP ON WEDNESDAY, JULY 29, 2009, AT
MAYLAND COMMUNITY COLLEGE NEAR SPRUCE PINE, FROM 8:00 A.M. TO 3:00 P.M.
The morning agenda includes presentations on sustainable forestry
practices and favorable wildlife habitat, the North Carolina Forest
Stewardship Program and a discussion of the impact of forest
certification on private forest landowners. Dr. Fred Cubbage , NCSU
College of Natural Resources, will moderate a panel of speakers on
forest certification systems including the Forest Stewardship Council
(FSC), the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) and the American Tree
Farm System (ATFS/PEFC).
The afternoon agenda includes presentations on the sustainable forestry
designation for Appalachian Region hardwoods, the NC Pro Logger Program
and logger training and a live demonstration of sustainable bark
procurement practices by Highland Craftsmen, Inc. on the college campus.
The workshop is provided free of charge and lunch will be on your own at
the college cafeteria. The agenda will be submitted to NCSAF for CFE
Credits for NC Registered Foresters attending the entire workshop.
ADVANCE REGISTRATION IS REQUIRED
CALL 828-765-7351 EXT 249 TO REGISTER
MORE DETAILS AVAILABLE AT WWW.BARKHOUSE.COM
Animal Welfare Approved Announces 2009 Good Husbandry Grants
Animal Welfare Approved is pleased to offer Good Husbandry Grants for 2009. Grants of up to $5,000 will be awarded for the sole purpose of improving farm animal welfare, with a concentration on three areas: increased outdoor access, improved genetics and improved slaughter facilities. Current Animal Welfare Approved farmers and those who have applied to join the program are eligible, and farmers may apply for certification and for a grant simultaneously. Examples of projects funded in the 2008 cycle include mobile housing, a mobile processing unit, infrastructure to facilitate humane handling and equipment to improve nutrient availability for pastured sows.
Farmers may submit a proposal for one project, for a total maximum grant of $5,000. Grants will be awarded based on the projects' potential to deliver the greatest benefit to farm animals. In order to receive a grant, applicants must meet the eligibility requirements and submit an application and a budget by October 1, 2009. Eligible costs include design fees, contractor costs, materials, and project-appropriate equipment. Grants applications must be postmarked by the deadline date and will not be accepted via e-mail.
Guidelines and an application form are available at www.AnimalWelfareApproved.org. Questions may be directed to Emily Lancaster at (919) 428-1641 or Emily@AnimalWelfareApproved.org.
Farmers may submit a proposal for one project, for a total maximum grant of $5,000. Grants will be awarded based on the projects' potential to deliver the greatest benefit to farm animals. In order to receive a grant, applicants must meet the eligibility requirements and submit an application and a budget by October 1, 2009. Eligible costs include design fees, contractor costs, materials, and project-appropriate equipment. Grants applications must be postmarked by the deadline date and will not be accepted via e-mail.
Guidelines and an application form are available at www.AnimalWelfareApproved.org. Questions may be directed to Emily Lancaster at (919) 428-1641 or Emily@AnimalWelfareApproved.org.
Niche Meat Processing Assistance Network
The Niche Meat Processing Assistance Network or NMPAN website, an eXtension initiative, was recently launched and I encourage you to visit it:
www.extension.org/small%20meat%20processors
You can also find us via our home page: www.nichemeatprocessing.org
We've pulled info together on a range of important issues for small meat processors and everyone who depends on them, including:
* processing rules & regulations, explained clearly
* business development & workforce management (These are areas we're still working on, but there's good stuff there. Let us know if you have suggestions.)
* mobile processing units
(http://www.extension.org/pages/Mobile_Slaughter/Processing_Units)
* detailed profiles of successful niche processors
* more than 100 Frequently Asked Questions -- with answers
...and more! AND, there's a handy "Ask the Expert" feature for questions the site doesn't already cover.
www.extension.org/small%20meat%20processors
You can also find us via our home page: www.nichemeatprocessing.org
We've pulled info together on a range of important issues for small meat processors and everyone who depends on them, including:
* processing rules & regulations, explained clearly
* business development & workforce management (These are areas we're still working on, but there's good stuff there. Let us know if you have suggestions.)
* mobile processing units
(http://www.extension.org/pages/Mobile_Slaughter/Processing_Units)
* detailed profiles of successful niche processors
* more than 100 Frequently Asked Questions -- with answers
...and more! AND, there's a handy "Ask the Expert" feature for questions the site doesn't already cover.
Friday, June 19, 2009
Prepare for Japanese Beetles
From Steve Frank, Extension Entomologist
On June 11, I caught the first Japanese beetle of the year on the North Carolina State University campus in Raleigh. As most people know, Japanese beetles emerge once per year to feast on a variety of ornamental and crop plants. Favorite ornamental hosts include roses, rosaceous trees and shrubs such as crab apple, crape myrtle, and linden. Beetles aggregate on plants in response to plant volatiles (smells) and pheromones from other beetles. This aggregation can result in rapid defoliation of trees and shrubs. Japanese beetle traps do not offer any protection to landscape plants and may actually attract more beetles on to your property, so hang them in your neighbor’s yard. Likewise, treating a lawn for Japanese beetle grubs will not reduce defoliation of plants on that property since beetles fly in from great distances. Landscape and nursery plants can be protected with pyrethroid insecticides. For longer protection, use a neonicitinoid insecticide such as imidacloprid (e.g., Merit, Marathon II) or acetamiprid (Tri-Star). For more information on the biology and management of adult Japanese beetles, consult the insect note at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/flowers/note44/note44.html.
On June 11, I caught the first Japanese beetle of the year on the North Carolina State University campus in Raleigh. As most people know, Japanese beetles emerge once per year to feast on a variety of ornamental and crop plants. Favorite ornamental hosts include roses, rosaceous trees and shrubs such as crab apple, crape myrtle, and linden. Beetles aggregate on plants in response to plant volatiles (smells) and pheromones from other beetles. This aggregation can result in rapid defoliation of trees and shrubs. Japanese beetle traps do not offer any protection to landscape plants and may actually attract more beetles on to your property, so hang them in your neighbor’s yard. Likewise, treating a lawn for Japanese beetle grubs will not reduce defoliation of plants on that property since beetles fly in from great distances. Landscape and nursery plants can be protected with pyrethroid insecticides. For longer protection, use a neonicitinoid insecticide such as imidacloprid (e.g., Merit, Marathon II) or acetamiprid (Tri-Star). For more information on the biology and management of adult Japanese beetles, consult the insect note at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/flowers/note44/note44.html.
Monday, June 8, 2009
New Pesticide Recordkeeping Laws:
In an effort to comply with the recommendations of the 2008 Governor’s Task Force on Preventing Agricultural Pesticide Exposure and to implement the requirements of Senate Bill 847: “Prevent Agricultural Pesticide Exposure” The North Carolina Pesticide Board has adopted changes to the application information that is required under the Federal Worker Protection Standard, as well as requirements for Commerical Applicators & Public Operators. The changes will now require growers making applications that fall under the scope of the Worker Protection Standard to add the actual “end time” of application to the records. This is in addition to the “time of the application” that is required to be posted before the application takes place under the current WPS Regulations. Also each day of applications shall be recorded as a separate application record.
The application information must also now be maintained for a period of two years, this coincides with the USDA Requirements for Restricted-Use Pesticides. So to comply with the regulations growers must keep the information posted at a central location for 30 days after the re-entry period expires (if workers are present on their establishment) and then maintain the records for a period of two years to allow for inspection by Pesticide Inspectors with NCDA&CS.
The application information must also now be maintained for a period of two years, this coincides with the USDA Requirements for Restricted-Use Pesticides. So to comply with the regulations growers must keep the information posted at a central location for 30 days after the re-entry period expires (if workers are present on their establishment) and then maintain the records for a period of two years to allow for inspection by Pesticide Inspectors with NCDA&CS.
Downy Mildew In N.C.
Downy Mildew has been identified on a field of cucumbers in Franklin County, North Carolina. Downy mildew, caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis, is found annually on squash, cucumbers, pumpkins, and muskmelons grown in all areas. Symptoms of disease on cucurbits, other than watermelon, show up as small yellowish areas on the upper leaf surface. Later, a more brilliant yellow coloration occurs with the internal part of the lesion turning brown.
Usually the spots will be angular as they are somewhat restricted by the small leaf veins. When the leaves are wet, a downy white-gray-light blue fungus growth can be seen on the underside of individual spots (lesions). On watermelons, yellow leaf spots may be angular or non-angular, and they will later turn brown to black in color. Often on watermelons, an exaggerated upward leaf curling will occur.
Downy mildew is a very destructive disease and progresses rapidly under favorable conditions. Fungicides are much more effective when applied well before symptoms are visible. Initiating a downy mildew control program after symptoms have been detected is much more likely to fail. For further information on control and how to track the movement of downy mildew throughout North Carolina go to the following website. http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/cucurbit/
Usually the spots will be angular as they are somewhat restricted by the small leaf veins. When the leaves are wet, a downy white-gray-light blue fungus growth can be seen on the underside of individual spots (lesions). On watermelons, yellow leaf spots may be angular or non-angular, and they will later turn brown to black in color. Often on watermelons, an exaggerated upward leaf curling will occur.
Downy mildew is a very destructive disease and progresses rapidly under favorable conditions. Fungicides are much more effective when applied well before symptoms are visible. Initiating a downy mildew control program after symptoms have been detected is much more likely to fail. For further information on control and how to track the movement of downy mildew throughout North Carolina go to the following website. http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/cucurbit/
Twospotted Spider Mites
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